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Preoperative opioid use is reported in 23.1 percent of patients undergoing surgery

Preoperative Opioids Used by 23.1 Percent of Surgical Patients

Odds of pre-op opioid use up with age 31 to 40 years, tobacco use, illicit drug use, depression
Duration of preoperative opioid use appears to be the most important predictor of sustained opioid use following back surgery

Most Back Pain Patients Halt Opioid Use After Surgery

Duration of preoperative opioid predicts sustained use after surgery
Any opioid use is associated with involvement in the criminal justice system in the past year

Any Opioid Use Tied to Involvement in Criminal Justice System

History of involvement with criminal justice system increased with intensity of drug use
The U.S. Surgeon General released an advisory urging increased availability of the opioid overdose-reversing drug naloxone earlier this year

U.S. Surgeon General Urges More Americans to Carry Naloxone

More individuals, including family, friends, those personally at risk, urged to carry naloxone
New laws and regulations designed to limit the use of prescription narcotics may further constrain doctors' ability to treat patients

New Rules May Constrain Docs’ Ability to Treat Chronic Pain

Limitations on the use of prescription narcotics could complicate patient treatment
There are opportunities for recalibrating the role of opioids in pain care

Coverage Policies Compared for Back Pain Medications

Utilization management common for opioids; often relies on 30-day limits rather than prior authorization
Concurrent benzodiazepine use is associated with increased risk of opioid-related overdose

Risk of OD Highest for First Days of Opioid + Benzodiazepine Use

Five-fold increased risk of opioid-related overdose during first 90 days of concurrent use
There is a marked excess of deaths among U.S. adults who experience a non-fatal opioid overdose

Rate of Death Up in Year After Non-Fatal Opioid Overdose

Excess of deaths attributable to substance use-associated, mental health, and medical conditions
A novel

NIH Initiative Aims to Address Opioid Misuse Over Long Term

'Helping to End Addiction Long-Term' will focus on goals of improving addiction tx and pain management
Use of medications for opioid use disorder is associated with a reduction in all-cause and opioid-related mortality after opioid overdose

Meds for Opioid Use Disorder May Reduce Mortality in OD Survivors

Minority of opioid overdose survivors receive MOUD; buprenorphine, MMT linked to reduced mortality