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Adults with Down syndrome have an increased risk for COVID-19-related death

COVID-19-Related Death Up for Adults With Down Syndrome

Hazard ratios for COVID-19-related death, hospitalization 10.39 and 4.94 in adjusted analyses
In an evidence-based clinical guideline

Guidelines Developed for Care of Adults With Down Syndrome

Strong recommendation advises screening for Alzheimer-type dementia starting at age 40 years
More than half of individuals with Down syndrome aged 55 years or older have dementia claims and 32.7 percent have Alzheimer disease claims

Dementia Common in Down Syndrome Patients Aged ≥55

Dementia incidence 102 cases per 1,000 person-years for individuals aged 55 years or older
Most persons with Down syndrome maintain their personal hygiene by age 13 years and work independently by 20 years

Functional Milestones Identified for Persons With Down Syndrome

Most maintain personal hygiene by age 13, work independently by 20; 34 percent live independently
Dementia is associated with mortality in most older adults with Down syndrome

Dementia Tied to Mortality in Older Adults With Down Syndrome

Crude mortality rates for individuals with dementia were five times higher than for those without
Patients with Down syndrome have steeper and thinner corneas and more corneal aberrations than patients without Down syndrome

Corneal Abnormalities Seen With Down Syndrome

More than 70 percent of patients in Down syndrome group had traits compatible with keratoconus
The majority of both high-risk and intermediate-risk women prefer a non-invasive cell-free prenatal DNA screening as a secondary screening test for trisomy 21

Majority of Women Prefer Non-Invasive Testing for Trisomy 21

Yet, roughly one-third still want an invasive secondary test plus chromosomal microarray
For infants diagnosed with Down syndrome there has been a reduction in the risk of complex congenital heart defects

Decline in Complex Congenital Heart Defects in Down Syndrome

Risk in 2010 to 2012 reduced by almost 40 percent compared with 1992 to 1994
Four methods can be used for diagnosing fetal nasal bone hypoplasia in the second trimester in order to predict Down's syndrome

Four Methods Can Diagnose Fetal Nasal Bone Hypoplasia

Similar sensitivity for all methods for identifying fetal NB hypoplasia in second trimester
A DNA-based blood test appears to be more effective in detecting possible Down syndrome in unborn children than other screening methods

DNA-Based Blood Test More Accurate in ID of Down Sx

But it won't eliminate need for invasive diagnostics such as amniocentesis