Here are what the editors at HealthDay consider to be the most important developments in Pediatrics for September 2017. This roundup includes the latest research news from journal articles, as well as the FDA approvals and regulatory changes that are the most likely to affect clinical practice.
Embezzlement Widespread in Medical Practices
FRIDAY, Sept. 29, 2017 (HealthDay News) — Embezzlement is widespread among medical practices, and knowing the warning signs is helpful for preventing it, according to an article published in Medical Economics.
Single Mutation Made Zika Virus More Virulent
FRIDAY, Sept. 29, 2017 (HealthDay News) — A single mutation in the Zika virus made it more virulent, contributing to the increased incidence of microcephaly, according to a study published online Sept. 28 in Science.
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More Than 78 Percent of Health Care Personnel Receive Flu Shot
THURSDAY, Sept. 28, 2017 (HealthDay News) — More than 78 percent of health care personnel (HCP) and 53.6 percent of pregnant women received influenza vaccination during the 2016-2017 influenza season, according to two studies published in the Sept. 29 issue of Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report.
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Optimal Length of Post-Op Opioid Pain Medication Rx Identified
THURSDAY, Sept. 28, 2017 (HealthDay News) — The optimal length of opioid pain medication prescription after common surgical procedures lies between the observed median prescription length and the early nadir, according to a study published online Sept. 27 in JAMA Surgery.
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CDC: STDs Peak in 2016, Exceeding 2 Million Cases
WEDNESDAY, Sept. 27, 2017 (HealthDay News) — In 2016, the number of cases of chlamydia, gonorrhea, and syphilis reported in the United States peaked, exceeding 2 million, according to a report published by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Cardiometabolic Risk, HOMA-IR Up With Increasing BMI in Young
WEDNESDAY, Sept. 27, 2017 (HealthDay News) — Cardiometabolic risk and homeostatic model assessment (HOMA) of insulin resistance (IR) increase with increasing body mass index (BMI) categories among children, and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) may attenuate the risk, according to a study published online Sept. 14 in Diabetes Care.
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Working With a Scribe Improves Physician Satisfaction
WEDNESDAY, Sept. 27, 2017 (HealthDay News) — Working with a scribe significantly improves physicians’ overall satisfaction, satisfaction with chart quality and accuracy, and charting efficiency, according to a study published online Sept. 11 in the Annals of Family Medicine.
Fragmented QRS Predicts Cardiac Death During Exercise
WEDNESDAY, Sept. 27, 2017 (HealthDay News) — Fragmented QRS complex may predict risk of exercise-related sudden cardiac death, according to a study published online Sept. 20 in the Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology.
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CYPC19*17 Allele May Influence Response to PPI Treatment
TUESDAY, Sept. 26, 2017 (HealthDay News) — Children with CYP2C19*17 alleles without corresponding loss-of-function alleles have longer times with pH <4 in response to proton pump inhibitor (PPI) medication, according to a study published online Sept. 8 in the Journal of Clinical Pharmacology.
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Uninsured Visits for Community Health Center Patients Down
TUESDAY, Sept. 26, 2017 (HealthDay News) — After implementation of the Affordable Care Act (ACA), the rates of uninsured visits decreased for all racial and ethnic groups, according to a study published in the September/October issue of the Annals of Family Medicine.
CDC Launches Campaign to Fight Prescription Opioid Epidemic
TUESDAY, Sept. 26, 2017 (HealthDay News) — The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention is launching a communication campaign featuring accounts of people recovering from opioid use disorder, and those who have lost someone to opioid overdose, in an effort to fight the prescription overdose epidemic.
Systemic Corticosteroids Discouraged for Atopic Dermatitis
TUESDAY, Sept. 26, 2017 (HealthDay News) — Routine use of systemic corticosteroids is generally discouraged for atopic dermatitis, according to research published online Sept. 2 in the British Journal of Dermatology.
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Blame Common in Patient Safety Incident Reports
TUESDAY, Sept. 26, 2017 (HealthDay News) — Blame is a common element in family practice patient safety incident reports, according to a study published in the September/October issue of the Annals of Family Medicine.
AAP Offers Guidance for Infectious Disease in Sports
MONDAY, Sept. 25, 2017 (HealthDay News) — Participation in organized sports can potentially expose athletes to infectious diseases, with major risk factors including skin-to-skin contact, environmental exposures and physical trauma, and sharing of equipment, according to a clinical report published online Sept. 25 in Pediatrics.
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Ocular Histopathology Features Seen With Congenital Zika
MONDAY, Sept. 25, 2017 (HealthDay News) — Certain ocular histopathologic features are consistently found in fetuses with congenital Zika syndrome (CZS), according to a study published online Sept. 21 in JAMA Ophthalmology.
Bacillus Calmette-Guérin Vaccine May Reduce Atopic Dermatitis
MONDAY, Sept. 25, 2017 (HealthDay News) — Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination within seven days of birth may reduce the risk of allergic diseases, including atopic dermatitis, according to a study published online Sept. 20 in Allergy.
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Worker Contribution to Health Benefits Up in 2017
MONDAY, Sept. 25, 2017 (HealthDay News) — In 2017, health benefits coverage remained stable, while workers faced considerable variation in costs, according to a report published online Sept. 19 in Health Affairs.
Concussion May Increase Multiple Sclerosis Risk
FRIDAY, Sept. 22, 2017 (HealthDay News) — Concussion during adolescence increases the risk of subsequent multiple sclerosis (MS) diagnosis, according to a study published online Sept. 4 in the Annals of Neurology.
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Pulse Ox + Auscultation Reliable for Congenital Heart Screening
FRIDAY, Sept. 22, 2017 (HealthDay News) — Pulse oximetry (POX) plus cardiac auscultation is a reliable method for neonatal congenital heart disease screening, according to a study published online Sept. 22 in Pediatrics.
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Montelukast Associated With Nightmares, Depression
THURSDAY, Sept. 21, 2017 (HealthDay News) — Montelukast appears to be linked to neuropsychiatric side effects, such as depression, aggression, nightmares, and headaches, according to a review published online Sept. 20 in Pharmacology Research and Perspectives.
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Childhood-Onset IBD May Raise Risk of Cancer
THURSDAY, Sept. 21, 2017 (HealthDay News) — Children with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) face an increased risk of cancer that persists into adulthood, and is especially elevated for gastrointestinal cancers, according to a study published online Sept. 20 in The BMJ.
Insurer Market Power Lowers Providers’ Prices
WEDNESDAY, Sept. 20, 2017 (HealthDay News) — Insurers have the bargaining power to reduce provider prices in highly concentrated provider markets, according to a report published in the September issue of Health Affairs.
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Attempts to Prevent Tongue Swallowing Hinder Resuscitation
WEDNESDAY, Sept. 20, 2017 (HealthDay News) — For athletes with cardiac arrest, attempts to prevent tongue swallowing are an obstacle to resuscitation, according to a study published online Sept. 19 in HeartRhythm.
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Pediatricians Increasingly Aligned With Breastfeeding Guidelines
TUESDAY, Sept. 19, 2017 (HealthDay News) — Pediatricians’ recommendations and practices regarding breastfeeding became more closely aligned with American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) policy from 1995 to 2014, according to a study published online Sept. 18 in Pediatrics.
ACP Does Not Support Legalization of Assisted Suicide
TUESDAY, Sept. 19, 2017 (HealthDay News) — The American College of Physicians (ACP) does not support the legalization of physician-assisted suicide, a practice that raises ethical, clinical, and other concerns, according to a position paper published online Sept. 19 in the Annals of Internal Medicine.
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Half of Repeat Antibiotics in Australia Extend Initial Rx
TUESDAY, Sept. 19, 2017 (HealthDay News) — Half of repeat antibiotic dispensings in Australia are used to extend the initial course, according to a study published online Sept. 11 in the Journal of Pharmacy Practice and Research.
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AAP Issues Clinical Report on Teen Tattoos, Piercings
MONDAY, Sept. 18, 2017 (HealthDay News) — The American Academy of Pediatrics has issued its first recommendations on tattoos, piercings, and scarification. The clinical report was published online Sept. 18 in Pediatrics.
Physicians Tweeting About Drugs May Have Conflict of Interest
FRIDAY, Sept. 15, 2017 (HealthDay News) — Most physicians on Twitter with a financial conflict of interest (FCOI) and frequent tweets mention specific drugs for which they have a conflict, according to a study published in the September issue of The Lancet Haematology.
Closed-Loop Control Benefits T1DM in Prolonged Winter Sport
FRIDAY, Sept. 15, 2017 (HealthDay News) — For adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1D), a closed-loop control (CLC) system is associated with improved glycemic control and reduced exposure to hypoglycemia during prolonged exercise, cold temperatures, and high altitude, according to a study published online Aug. 30 in Diabetes Care.
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Doctors Spend Almost Six Hours Per Day on EHR Tasks
FRIDAY, Sept. 15, 2017 (HealthDay News) — Physicians spend almost six hours per day in the electronic health record (EHR), with 4.5 hours spent during clinic hours and 1.4 hours spent after clinic hours, according to a study published in the September/October issue of the Annals of Family Medicine.
Conjunctivitis Prevalence Higher for Adult Women Than Men
FRIDAY, Sept. 15, 2017 (HealthDay News) — Adult women have a higher prevalence of conjunctivitis than men, and cases peak in the spring, according to a research letter published online Sept. 14 in JAMA Ophthalmology.
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‘Science Spin’ Found Prevalent in Biomedical Literature
FRIDAY, Sept. 15, 2017 (HealthDay News) — Spin in biomedical literature (also referred to as “science hype”) is prevalent, with trials having the highest and greatest variability in the prevalence of spin, according to a review published online Sept. 11 in PLOS Biology.
Greater Awareness Needed for Potential of T2DM Remission
THURSDAY, Sept. 14, 2017 (HealthDay News) — For many patients with type 2 diabetes, remission can be achieved with sustained weight loss of ~15 kg, yet this often flies under the radar for patients and clinicians alike, according to an analysis published online Sept. 13 in The BMJ.
Some Aspects of Empathy Improve During Medical Training
WEDNESDAY, Sept. 13, 2017 (HealthDay News) — Certain aspects of empathy improve during medical student training, according to a study published online Sept. 7 in Medical Education.
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AACR Releases 2017 Cancer Progress Report
WEDNESDAY, Sept. 13, 2017 (HealthDay News) — The age-adjusted U.S. cancer death rate decreased 25 percent from 1991 to 2014, which translates into 2.1 million fewer cancer deaths, according to an annual progress report published by the American Association for Cancer Research.
AACR Cancer Progress Report 2017
miRNA Identified That Plays Role in Milk Allergy
WEDNESDAY, Sept. 13, 2017 (HealthDay News) — MiR-193a-5p is a post-transcriptional regulator of interleukin-4 (IL-4) expression and could have a role in children’s cow’s milk allergy (CMA), according to a study published online Aug. 30 in Allergy.
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Are Physicians Obligated to Help on Planes?
TUESDAY, Sept. 12, 2017 (HealthDay News) — Does being a physician carry a moral obligation to respond to calls for medical assistance on airplanes? That is the topic of an article published in the Sept. 12 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association.
Antibiotic Rx Adherence Varies Widely in Sickle Cell Care
TUESDAY, Sept. 12, 2017 (HealthDay News) — Adherence to antibiotic guidelines for acute chest syndrome (ACS) in children with sickle cell disease (SCD) varies widely, according to a study published online Sept. 11 in JAMA Pediatrics.
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2017 Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes Released
TUESDAY, Sept. 12, 2017 (HealthDay News) — Recommendations for the management and pharmacologic treatment of patients with diabetes have been updated; the new clinical guidelines were published online Sept. 12 in the Annals of Internal Medicine.
CDC: Human Campylobacter Linked to Pet Store Puppies
MONDAY, Sept. 11, 2017 (HealthDay News) — Bacterial infections that have sickened 39 people in seven states have been linked to puppies sold through Petland, a national pet store chain, U.S. health officials say.
‘Modest at Best’ Discriminatory Ability for CBC Test in Infants
MONDAY, Sept. 11, 2017 (HealthDay News) — Complete blood cell count parameters at commonly used or optimal thresholds do not offer high accuracy in identifying invasive bacterial infections (IBIs) in febrile infants (≤60 days of age), according to a study published online Sept. 11 in JAMA Pediatrics.
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Age Legislation Cuts Off-Road-Vehicle-Related Injury Rate
MONDAY, Sept. 11, 2017 (HealthDay News) — The population-based rate of off-road-vehicle (ORV)-related injuries was reduced following a 2010 Massachusetts law restricting their use by children aged younger than 14 years and regulating their use by children up to age 18 years, according to a study published online Sept. 11 in Pediatrics.
Lidocaine Nerve Block Reduces Pain During IUD Insertion
MONDAY, Sept. 11, 2017 (HealthDay News) — A 10-mL 1 percent lidocaine paracervical nerve block reduces pain during intrauterine device (IUD) insertion, according to a study published online Sept. 5 in Obstetrics & Gynecology.
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Risk of Prematurity, SGA Up for Women on Antiepileptic Drugs
MONDAY, Sept. 11, 2017 (HealthDay News) — Women on antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) during pregnancy for epilepsy or other indications are at increased risk of giving birth to premature and small-for-gestational-age (SGA) infants, according to a study published online Aug. 30 in the Annals of Neurology.
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Online Therapy for Insomnia Linked to Improved Mental Health
MONDAY, Sept. 11, 2017 (HealthDay News) — For university students with insomnia, digital cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is associated with reductions in insomnia, paranoia, and hallucinations, according to a study published online Sept. 6 in The Lancet Psychiatry.
Children Report Limited Eczema Improvement With Silk
FRIDAY, Sept. 8, 2017 (HealthDay News) — Some children report limited improvement in atopic eczema (AE) as a result of wearing silk garments, but not to the extent the children had hoped for, according to research published online Aug. 30 in the British Journal of Dermatology.
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Zika, Cobalamin C Deficiency Tied to Similar Retinal Problems
FRIDAY, Sept. 8, 2017 (HealthDay News) — Retinal maldevelopment associated with congenital Zika syndrome (CZS) is similar to the maldevelopment seen with cobalamin C (cblC) deficiency, according to a study published online Sept. 7 in JAMA Opthalmology.
Socioeconomic Conditions Affect Metabolic Syndrome Risk
FRIDAY, Sept. 8, 2017 (HealthDay News) — Cardiometabolic risk in young blacks is influenced by broad economic conditions, according to a study published online Sept. 6 in the Journal of the American Heart Association.
Zoonotic Chlamydia caviae Tied to Community-Acquired Pneumonia
FRIDAY, Sept. 8, 2017 (HealthDay News) — Three cases of community-acquired pneumonia involving Chlamydia caviae after exposure to ill guinea pigs have been described, according to a research letter published online Sept. 6 in the New England Journal of Medicine.
Vaccine-Type HPV Rates Down for Unvaccinated Young Women
FRIDAY, Sept. 8, 2017 (HealthDay News) — From 2009-2010 to 2013-2014 there was a decrease in the prevalence of vaccine-type human papillomavirus (HPV) among unvaccinated young women aged 18 to 26 years, according to a study published online Sept. 7 in Obstetrics & Gynecology.
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Genetic Variants Tied to Preterm Birth, Gestational Length
FRIDAY, Sept. 8, 2017 (HealthDay News) — Several genetic variants are associated with gestational duration and preterm birth, according to study published online Sept. 6 in the New England Journal of Medicine.
Traditional Flu Tests Not as Accurate as Newer Tests
THURSDAY, Sept. 7, 2017 (HealthDay News) — Digital immunoassays (DIAs) and rapid nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs) have higher sensitivities for detecting influenza than rapid influenza diagnostic tests (RIDTs), according to a review published online Sept. 4 in the Annals of Internal Medicine.
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Budget Cuts Threaten Research on Antimicrobial Resistance
THURSDAY, Sept. 7, 2017 (HealthDay News) — Proposed budget cuts could seriously hamper efforts to address antimicrobial resistance (AMR), according to an article published online Sept. 4 in the Annals of Internal Medicine.
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Third Dose of MMR Vaccine Could Help Curb Mumps Outbreaks
THURSDAY, Sept. 7, 2017 (HealthDay News) — A third dose of the measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine lowers the risk of mumps during an outbreak, according to a study published online Sept. 6 in the New England Journal of Medicine.
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Many Teens With Type 1 Diabetes Report Disordered Eating
THURSDAY, Sept. 7, 2017 (HealthDay News) — High rates of body dissatisfaction and disordered eating behaviors (DEB) are reported by adolescents with type 1 diabetes, particularly females, according to a study published online Aug. 30 in the International Journal of Eating Disorders.
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Early Respiratory Infections Tied to Celiac in High-Risk Children
THURSDAY, Sept. 7, 2017 (HealthDay News) — A higher frequency of respiratory infections during the first two years of life is associated with an increased risk of celiac disease (CD) in genetically predisposed infants, according to a study published online Sept. 6 in Pediatrics.
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Intervention Beneficial for Acute Gastroenteritis Patients
THURSDAY, Sept. 7, 2017 (HealthDay News) — Implementation of a clinical pathway to improve care of acute gastroenteritis (AGE) patients is associated with a sustained reduction in intravenous (IV) fluid use and length of stay (LOS) in the pediatric emergency department (ED), according to a study published online Sept. 7 in Pediatrics.
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Clinical Oral Food Challenges Result in Few Reactions
THURSDAY, Sept. 7, 2017 (HealthDay News) — Open, nonresearch low-risk oral food challenges (OFCs) result in few allergic reactions, according to a study published online Sept. 7 in the Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology.
Sudden Cardiac Arrest After Food Linked to Brugada Syndrome
WEDNESDAY, Sept. 6, 2017 (HealthDay News) — Having a sudden cardiac arrest after eating a large bite of food may be an indication of Brugada syndrome, according to a case study published online Sept. 6 in Pediatrics.
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Increase in Medical Exemptions From Immunization in California
WEDNESDAY, Sept. 6, 2017 (HealthDay News) — There was an increase in the number of children with medical exemptions (MEs) from immunization in California from 2015 to 2016 after elimination of personal belief exemptions (PBEs), according to a research letter published online Sept. 5 in the Journal of the American Medical Association.
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Docs Should Be Aware of Family Beliefs Regarding Nondisclosure
WEDNESDAY, Sept. 6, 2017 (HealthDay News) — Physicians should be aware of societal codes of conduct that affect family beliefs and behaviors regarding information disclosure to pediatric patients, according to a study published online Sept. 5 in JAMA Pediatrics.
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PrEP Adherence Decreases Over Time in Adolescent MSM
TUESDAY, Sept. 5, 2017 (HealthDay News) — For adolescent men who have sex with men (MSM) participating in a 48-week HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) intervention, adherence decreases with quarterly visits, according to a study published online Sept. 5 in JAMA Pediatrics.
USPSTF Recommends Amblyopia Screening for 3- to 5-Year-Olds
TUESDAY, Sept. 5, 2017 (HealthDay News) — The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommends screening 3- to 5-year-old children for amblyopia, although inadequate evidence is available to assess the benefits and harms of screening for children younger than 3 years. These findings form the basis of a recommendation statement published online Sept. 5 in the Journal of the American Medical Association.
Racial Variation in Antibiotic Prescribing for Viral ARTI
TUESDAY, Sept. 5, 2017 (HealthDay News) — Non-Hispanic black and Hispanic children are less likely than non-Hispanic white children to receive antibiotics for viral acute respiratory tract infection (ARTI) in the pediatric emergency department (PED), according to a study published online Sept. 5 in Pediatrics.
General Anesthesia in Infants May Affect White Matter Volume
TUESDAY, Sept. 5, 2017 (HealthDay News) — Infants who receive general anesthesia for surgery before they’re 1 year old may have less white matter in their brains, according to research published online Aug. 24 in Anesthesiology.
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CBT, SSRIs Effectively Cut Anxiety Symptoms in Childhood
TUESDAY, Sept. 5, 2017 (HealthDay News) — Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are effective for reducing symptoms of anxiety in childhood, according to a review published online Aug. 31 in JAMA Pediatrics.
AAP: Watch for Rapid Weight Changes in Young Athletes
FRIDAY, Sept. 1, 2017 (HealthDay News) — In a new clinical report from the American Academy of Pediatrics, published in the September issue of Pediatrics, clinicians are reminded to promote healthy weight control in young athletes.
Child Flu Vaccination Down When Nasal Spray Unavailable
FRIDAY, Sept. 1, 2017 (HealthDay News) — Seasonal flu immunization rates among children appear to have dropped slightly after the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommended against the nasal spray version of the vaccine, according to a study published online recently in Vaccine.
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