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September 2015 Briefing – Pulmonology

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Here are what the editors at HealthDay consider to be the most important developments in Pulmonology for September 2015. This roundup includes the latest...
A new study has identified significant differences between non-small-cell lung cancer patients who smoke and those who don't. The findings were presented Sunday at the annual meeting of the European Respiratory Society

Differences Found in Smokers, Nonsmokers Who Develop NSCLC

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Nonsmokers more likely than smokers to be women and to have adenocarcinoma
The presence of four types of gut bacteria in infancy may reduce a child's risk for asthma

Dysbiosis in Infancy Tied to Asthma Risk in Children

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Four bacterial taxa implicated in risk of asthma
Several strategies can be implemented in order to better use electronic health records for patient care and efficiency

Strategies Provided for Improving EHR Efficiency

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Tips include educating staff about preferences and processes, using own templates to reduce editing
Any degree of negative spiritual belief is associated with worse health outcomes

Negative Spiritual Belief Linked to Worse Health Outcomes

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Link seen for individuals with heterogeneous health conditions, regardless of positive spiritual beliefs
Nocturnal hypoglycemia is associated with reduced awakening response

Nocturnal Hypoglycemia Linked to Reduced Awakening Response

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Rate of awakenings significantly lower during hypoglycemic versus normoglycemic night
Living near busy roads with high levels of air pollution raises lung transplant patients' risk of organ rejection and death

Air Pollution Tied to Poor Outcomes in Lung Transplant

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Increased risk of organ rejection, death, but macrolides seem to reduce risk
In a recent study

New Treatment Option for Some With Metastatic Lung Cancer

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Nivolumab found most effective in tumors expressing programmed death-ligand 1
An implanted cranial nerve stimulation device might improve sleep patterns and quality of life for patients with sleep apnea

Cranial Nerve Stimulation Shows Promise As Sleep Apnea Tx

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For some, it might work better than continuous positive airway pressure
From 1996 to 2010 there was a significant increase in intermediate care billing

Intermediate Care Billing Rose From 1996 to 2010

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Fewer organ failures, less mechanical ventilation, lower 30-day death for intermediate vs ICU billing