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Compared with direct breastfeeding

Human Milk Microbiota Shaped by Maternal Factors, Feeding Method

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Pumped milk is associated with the depletion of oral bacteria, higher abundance of potential pathogens
A higher frequency of enterovirus infections in early childhood is associated with an increased risk for developing celiac disease

Child Enterovirus Infection May Up Risk for Developing Celiac Disease

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Correlation seen for infections after introduction of gluten; no link for adenovirus
Achieving high serogroup B meningococcal vaccination coverage is recommended following university-based outbreaks of meningococcal disease caused by serogroup B

High Rates of MenB Vaccination Advised in University Outbreaks

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Estimated first-dose vaccination coverage varied from 14 to 98 percent in 10 university outbreaks
After adjustment for family-related factors and gestational age

Lower Birth Weight May Up Risk for Psychiatric Disorders

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ADHD, autism, obsessive-compulsive disorder, depression tied to birth weight in sibling pairs
Although there has been progress in the development of new antibacterial drugs

Progress Made in Developing New Antibacterial Agents

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But most recently approved agents have been modifications of existing chemical classes of antibiotics
For children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia

Obesity Linked to Adverse Events in Children With Leukemia

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Obesity ups risk for treatment-requiring hypertension, insulin-requiring hyperglycemia
All 50 states and the District of Columbia have implemented newborn screening policies for critical congenital heart disease

CDC: Screening Policies for Critical Congenital Heart Dz Widespread

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All 50 states, D.C. have implemented screening policies; data collection efforts have lagged
Many systematic review protocols in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews do not include adverse event reporting

Many Systematic Reviews Do Not Fully Report Adverse Events

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Of 146 protocols analyzed, 65 percent fully reported adverse events as intended by the protocol
Acne relapses are significantly associated with impaired quality of life as well as productivity loss and absenteeism

Acne Relapses Linked to Lower Quality of Life, Productivity

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Relapse reported to be a significant determinant of productivity loss and absenteeism
From 2017 to 2018

CDC: Student Tobacco Use Increased From 2017 to 2018

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E-cigarette use up 77.8 percent among high school students, 48.5 percent among middle schoolers