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June 2017 Briefing – Pathology

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Here are what the editors at HealthDay consider to be the most important developments in Pathology for June 2017. This roundup includes the latest...
For children

Genetic, Environmental Exposure Tied to Islet Autoantibodies

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Link for male sex; father, sibling as diabetic proband; weight at 12 months with insulin autoantibodies
Immediate antiretroviral initiation at HIV diagnosis is associated with greater bone mineral density declines compared with deferred initiation

In HIV, Greater BMD Decline for Immediate Versus Delayed ART

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After one year, change in bone mineral density was similar in the immediate and deferred groups
A novel nanoallergen platform has been developed

Nanoallergen Platform Can Identify Immunogenic Epitopes

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Novel platform can identify immunogenic epitopes in major peanut allergy protein, Ara h2
Researchers say they've come closer to pinpointing genes linked with inflammatory bowel diseases such as Crohn's and ulcerative colitis. The research was published online June 28 in Nature.

Genes Responsible for Crohn’s, Ulcerative Colitis Identified

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Findings could improve efficacy of current treatments, lead to discovery of new drug targets
Dutasteride for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia may induce imbalance in metabolic function

Dutasteride Associated With Metabolic Safety Concerns

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Use of medication in BPH linked to higher hemoglobin A1c and LDL cholesterol levels
Patients with remaining endogenous β-cell function after a decade of living with type 1 diabetes tend to have much higher levels of interleukin-35 than other patients with long-standing type 1 diabetes

T1DM Patients With Active β-Cell Function Differ Immunologically

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Findings for patients with remaining endogenous β-cell function after 10 or more years of T1DM
The health of the United States is summarized in the 40th annual report published by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

Health of the Nation Presented in 40th Annual CDC Report

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Report includes trends of data for past 40 years, with increase in life expectancy, drop in infant mortality
A high IQ in childhood is associated with lower risk of mortality due to coronary heart disease and stroke

Higher IQ in Childhood Associated With a Longer Life

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Lifestyle choices may explain why children with a higher IQ tend to outlive their peers
Pathologists can vary widely when assessing skin biopsies for melanoma

Melanoma Diagnoses Can Vary Widely Among Pathologists

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Potential for both overdiagnosis and underdiagnosis, patient confusion