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The annual incidence of Clostridium difficile infection and multiply recurrent Clostridium difficile increased from 2001 to 2012

From 2001 to 2012, Incidence of CDI, Multiply Recurrent CDI Up

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Multiply recurrent CDI more likely in older patients, females, those who used antibiotics, PPIs
Electronic cigarette smoking has the same deleterious effect on weight and metabolic parameters as traditional cigarettes

Comparable Metabolic Effects for E-Cigarettes, Smoking

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Even without nicotine exposure, similar deleterious effects for e-cigarettes, traditional tobacco cigarettes
The mortality rate for black infants in the United States has risen in recent years

Differences in U.S. Infant Mortality Rates for Blacks, Whites

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After years of progress, a recent rise in mortality rates for black infants, researchers say

June 2017 Briefing – Pathology

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Here are what the editors at HealthDay consider to be the most important developments in Pathology for June 2017. This roundup includes the latest...
For children

Genetic, Environmental Exposure Tied to Islet Autoantibodies

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Link for male sex; father, sibling as diabetic proband; weight at 12 months with insulin autoantibodies
Immediate antiretroviral initiation at HIV diagnosis is associated with greater bone mineral density declines compared with deferred initiation

In HIV, Greater BMD Decline for Immediate Versus Delayed ART

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After one year, change in bone mineral density was similar in the immediate and deferred groups
A novel nanoallergen platform has been developed

Nanoallergen Platform Can Identify Immunogenic Epitopes

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Novel platform can identify immunogenic epitopes in major peanut allergy protein, Ara h2
Researchers say they've come closer to pinpointing genes linked with inflammatory bowel diseases such as Crohn's and ulcerative colitis. The research was published online June 28 in Nature.

Genes Responsible for Crohn’s, Ulcerative Colitis Identified

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Findings could improve efficacy of current treatments, lead to discovery of new drug targets
Dutasteride for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia may induce imbalance in metabolic function

Dutasteride Associated With Metabolic Safety Concerns

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Use of medication in BPH linked to higher hemoglobin A1c and LDL cholesterol levels
Patients with remaining endogenous β-cell function after a decade of living with type 1 diabetes tend to have much higher levels of interleukin-35 than other patients with long-standing type 1 diabetes

T1DM Patients With Active β-Cell Function Differ Immunologically

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Findings for patients with remaining endogenous β-cell function after 10 or more years of T1DM