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Men who have sex with men receiving antiretroviral therapy to treat HIV infection may be at increased risk for syphilis

Syphilis Risk May Be Higher in HIV Patients on Antiretrovirals

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Medications may raise susceptibility to bacterium that causes the sexually transmitted disease
Acupuncture may be an effective treatment option for infantile colic

Acupuncture Reduces Crying in Infants With Colic

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No serious adverse events reported in study of colicky infants
Researchers evaluating evidence for tonsillectomy found that more children would receive significant short-term improvement in their daily life if the current guidelines were relaxed. The two reviews were published online Jan. 17 in Pediatrics.

Current Guidelines for Pediatric Tonsillectomies Questioned

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Understanding of longer-term outcomes or effects in subpopulations deemed lacking
The health and economic impact of three cardiovascular disease preventive services varies with demographic characteristics and clinical objectives

Health, Economic Impact of CVD Preventive Services Varies

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Highest health impact for hypertension screening and treatment, lowest for aspirin counseling
Among women at risk for preeclampsia

Antiplatelets Cut Preterm Birth in Those at Risk for Preeclampsia

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Lower risk of spontaneous preterm birth at less than 37 and less than 34 weeks of gestation
Patient- and provider-based interventions do not improve osteoarthritis outcomes

Interventions Don’t Improve Osteoarthritis Outcomes

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No benefit for patient- and provider-based interventions compared with usual care
For patients with gestational diabetes mellitus

Glyburide, Metformin Have Similar Effect in Gestational DM

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High efficacy rate for both glyburide, metformin; combo of drugs significantly reduces need for insulin
There is no statistically significant correlation between typical vitamin D intake and incident kidney stones

Normal Vitamin D Intake Not Linked to Kidney Stone Risk

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No statistically significant correlation, although trend toward higher risk seen in Nurses' Health Study II
For patients with newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation

Lower Inpatient Costs for Dabigatran, Rivaroxaban in A-Fib

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Lower inpatient costs with dabigatran, rivaroxaban versus warfarin for newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation
Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae is more widespread in U.S. hospitals than previously thought and needs to be more closely monitored

Carbapenem-Resistant Bacteria More Problematic Than Thought

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Study of four U.S. hospitals found wide variety of species resistant to antibiotics of last resort