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Trials to evaluate drugs or devices used to treat chronic medical conditions that are published early in the chain of evidence often show an exaggerated treatment effect compared with subsequent trials

Early Studies Often Show Exaggerated Treatment Effect

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Findings based on assessment of trials evaluating drugs, devices to treat chronic medical conditions
In a position paper published online Feb. 27 in the Annals of Internal Medicine

Recommendations for Optimizing Hidden Curriculum in Medicine

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Clinical learning environment should be optimized by ensuring what is taught in classroom is modeled
Understanding nonadherence in patients and encouraging a change in attitude toward patients and their medication can improve medication adherence

Understanding Rx Nonadherence Can Improve Adherence

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Changing attitudes toward patients and their medication adherence can improve adherence
Artificial intelligence

Artificial Intelligence May Help Prevent Physician Burnout

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Many potential uses for AI, including improving searches and documentation, selecting treatment
The correlation between maternal pre-pregnancy overweight and childhood overweight at ages 1 and 3 years may be mediated by birth mode and infant gut microbiota

Gut Microbiota May Affect Vertical Transmission of Being Overweight

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Mediator pathway involves birth mode and Firmicutes species richness, especially Lachnospiraceae
The percentage of uninsured U.S. persons of all ages did not change significantly from 2016 to the first nine months of 2017

CDC: No Change in Percentage of Uninsured in U.S. From ’16 to ’17

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Increase in percentage of those aged younger than 65 years enrolled in high-deductible health plan
The burden of surgical site infection after gastrointestinal surgery is greater for countries with low income as classified by the U.N. Human Development Index

GI Surgical Site Infections Higher in Low-Income Countries

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Infection risk highest in countries with low income, low Human Development Index
Certain patient factors increase the risk of recurrent acute diverticulitis

Risk Factors for Recurrence of Acute Diverticulitis Identified

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Female sex, smoking, obesity, comorbidities, complicated initial cases up chance for readmission
Fecal immunochemical test is a reliable noninvasive marker for predicting mucosal healing in ulcerative colitis patients

Fecal Immunochemical Test Predicts Mucosal Healing in UC

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Meta-analysis finds FIT is a reliable, non-invasive marker for mucosal healing in ulcerative colitis
For adults with sepsis

No Evidence Use of SEP-1 Bundle Ups Survival in Sepsis

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Neither the sepsis management bundle nor its interventions improve survival for adults with sepsis