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Trials to evaluate drugs or devices used to treat chronic medical conditions that are published early in the chain of evidence often show an exaggerated treatment effect compared with subsequent trials

Early Studies Often Show Exaggerated Treatment Effect

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Findings based on assessment of trials evaluating drugs, devices to treat chronic medical conditions
Coronary artery bypass grafting is associated with a significant reduction in major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events and mortality compared with percutaneous coronary intervention among patients with diabetes mellitus

CABG May Be Best for Patients With DM, LV Dysfunction

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Fewer adverse cardiac, cerebrovascular events, deaths with cardiac artery bypass graft than PCI
Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy is associated with a lower rate of gestational diabetes mellitus and excessive fetal growth

Sleeve Gastrectomy Tied to Drop in GDM, Excessive Fetal Growth

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Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy also tied to SGA and low birth weight neonates, lower c-section rates
For patients with type 1 diabetes

Coronary Artery Dz Extent Similar in Men, Women With T1DM

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Extent of CAD similar for those admitted for coronary angiography; no difference in long-term mortality
A low-calorie lacto-ovo vegetarian diet and a low-calorie Mediterranean diet are similarly effective for reducing body weight

Vegetarian, Med Diets Similarly Effective for Body Weight

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Similar effect for reducing body weight, body mass index, fat mass for overweight omnivores
The prevalence of obesity seems not to be decreasing for children aged 2 to 19 years

No Recent Decrease in Prevalence of Obesity Among Children

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No decrease in obesity prevalence at any age; recent increase in obesity for children aged 2 to 5
In women with type 2 diabetes

No Link Found for Metformin or Statins and Ovarian Cancer

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Findings based on a Finnish study involving a national cohort of women with type 2 diabetes
In a position paper published online Feb. 27 in the Annals of Internal Medicine

Recommendations for Optimizing Hidden Curriculum in Medicine

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Clinical learning environment should be optimized by ensuring what is taught in classroom is modeled
Understanding nonadherence in patients and encouraging a change in attitude toward patients and their medication can improve medication adherence

Understanding Rx Nonadherence Can Improve Adherence

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Changing attitudes toward patients and their medication adherence can improve adherence
Younger onset of type 2 diabetes is associated with increased mortality risk

Younger Onset of T2DM Linked to Increased Mortality Risk

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Earlier diagnosis of T2DM tied to increased mortality, mainly driven by cardiovascular disease mortality