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Trials to evaluate drugs or devices used to treat chronic medical conditions that are published early in the chain of evidence often show an exaggerated treatment effect compared with subsequent trials

Early Studies Often Show Exaggerated Treatment Effect

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Findings based on assessment of trials evaluating drugs, devices to treat chronic medical conditions
Patients with varicose veins have a significantly increased risk of incident deep vein thrombosis

Varicose Veins May Increase Likelihood of Blood Clots

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Possible increased risk of pulmonary embolism, peripheral artery disease less clear
Coronary artery bypass grafting is associated with a significant reduction in major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events and mortality compared with percutaneous coronary intervention among patients with diabetes mellitus

CABG May Be Best for Patients With DM, LV Dysfunction

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Fewer adverse cardiac, cerebrovascular events, deaths with cardiac artery bypass graft than PCI
For patients with type 1 diabetes

Coronary Artery Dz Extent Similar in Men, Women With T1DM

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Extent of CAD similar for those admitted for coronary angiography; no difference in long-term mortality
A low-calorie lacto-ovo vegetarian diet and a low-calorie Mediterranean diet are similarly effective for reducing body weight

Vegetarian, Med Diets Similarly Effective for Body Weight

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Similar effect for reducing body weight, body mass index, fat mass for overweight omnivores
In women with type 2 diabetes

No Link Found for Metformin or Statins and Ovarian Cancer

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Findings based on a Finnish study involving a national cohort of women with type 2 diabetes
In a position paper published online Feb. 27 in the Annals of Internal Medicine

Recommendations for Optimizing Hidden Curriculum in Medicine

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Clinical learning environment should be optimized by ensuring what is taught in classroom is modeled
Understanding nonadherence in patients and encouraging a change in attitude toward patients and their medication can improve medication adherence

Understanding Rx Nonadherence Can Improve Adherence

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Changing attitudes toward patients and their medication adherence can improve adherence
There are few significant differences in target-vessel failure with different types of second-generation drug-eluting stents for obstructive left main coronary artery disease

Second-Gen Drug-Eluting Stents Similarly Effective for LMCAD

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Only one significant between-group difference in three-year risk of target-vessel failure for left main CAD
Children undergoing cardiac surgery from the lowest-income neighborhoods have worse outcomes

Peds Cardiac Surgery Outcomes Vary by Neighborhood Income

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Children from lowest-income neighborhoods have increased mortality, longer hospital stay