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In a position paper published in the January issue of the Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition

Guidance Provided for Introduction of Foods to Infants

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Complementary foods should not be introduced before 4 months or delayed beyond 6 months
The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force concludes that primary care interventions to promote breastfeeding can have a moderate net benefit. These findings form the basis of a final recommendation statement published in the Oct. 25 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association.

USPSTF Recommends Primary Care Breastfeeding Interventions

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Evidence suggests that interventions to promote breastfeeding have a moderate net benefit
Even though most new mothers in the United States begin breastfeeding their infants at birth

CDC: Breastfeeding Rates on the Rise in the United States

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However, many mothers stop earlier than recommended
Breastfeeding premature infants appears to increase the likelihood that those infants will have healthier hearts in young adulthood

Preemies’ Hearts Benefit From Breastfeeding in the Long Term

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Improvements seen in cardiac function and size 20 years later
Early use of antibiotics may weaken some of the benefits of breastfeeding

Benefits of Breastfeeding May Be Compromised by Antibiotics

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Infants who received antibiotics were more prone to infections and obesity in childhood
Evidence is lacking that hydrolyzed infant formulas protect children from autoimmune disorders

Hydrolyzed Infant Formulas Don’t Shield Against Asthma, Allergies

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Review of nearly 70 years of data found no protective effect
Early weaning at age 4 to 5 months is associated with reduced risk of atopic dermatitis

Early Weaning Linked to Reduced Risk of Atopic Dermatitis

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Introduction of high number of different solid foods linked to reduced risk of atopic dermatitis
A vaginal birth and breastfeeding make a notable difference in the bacterial composition of an infant's gut

Infant Delivery and Feeding Methods Affect Microbiome

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Vaginal birth and breastfeeding create different intestinal bacteria from C-section and formula
Breastfeeding for two months or more may reduce the odds of developing type 2 diabetes for mothers who had already experienced gestational diabetes in the past; and the longer a woman breastfeeds

Breastfeeding May Reduce Risk of T2DM for Women With GDM

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Findings for women with previously diagnosed gestational diabetes
Breastfeeding a premature infant may help reduce the risk of retinopathy of prematurity

Breastfeeding Tied to Lower Risk of Retinopathy of Prematurity

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Exclusive use of human milk reduces odds of potentially blinding condition by 75 percent