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Researchers evaluating evidence for tonsillectomy found that more children would receive significant short-term improvement in their daily life if the current guidelines were relaxed. The two reviews were published online Jan. 17 in Pediatrics.

Current Guidelines for Pediatric Tonsillectomies Questioned

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Understanding of longer-term outcomes or effects in subpopulations deemed lacking
Many doctors bill their private-paying patients two

Physician Excess Charges Create Financial Burden for Patients

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Fees affect uninsured Americans, privately insured patients who use out-of-network physicians
The health and economic impact of three cardiovascular disease preventive services varies with demographic characteristics and clinical objectives

Health, Economic Impact of CVD Preventive Services Varies

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Highest health impact for hypertension screening and treatment, lowest for aspirin counseling
Among women at risk for preeclampsia

Antiplatelets Cut Preterm Birth in Those at Risk for Preeclampsia

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Lower risk of spontaneous preterm birth at less than 37 and less than 34 weeks of gestation
Patient- and provider-based interventions do not improve osteoarthritis outcomes

Interventions Don’t Improve Osteoarthritis Outcomes

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No benefit for patient- and provider-based interventions compared with usual care
The interaction between antibiotics and human growth and obesity is explored in a historical perspective piece published in the Jan. 17 issue of the Annals of Internal Medicine.

Interaction Between Antibiotics, Obesity Is Complex

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Since the 2000s, attention has turned toward understanding role of abx, microbiome in obesity
For patients with gestational diabetes mellitus

Glyburide, Metformin Have Similar Effect in Gestational DM

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High efficacy rate for both glyburide, metformin; combo of drugs significantly reduces need for insulin
There is no statistically significant correlation between typical vitamin D intake and incident kidney stones

Normal Vitamin D Intake Not Linked to Kidney Stone Risk

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No statistically significant correlation, although trend toward higher risk seen in Nurses' Health Study II
For patients with newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation

Lower Inpatient Costs for Dabigatran, Rivaroxaban in A-Fib

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Lower inpatient costs with dabigatran, rivaroxaban versus warfarin for newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation
Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae is more widespread in U.S. hospitals than previously thought and needs to be more closely monitored

Carbapenem-Resistant Bacteria More Problematic Than Thought

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Study of four U.S. hospitals found wide variety of species resistant to antibiotics of last resort