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Anomalous brain development is evident among medication-naive preschoolers with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder

Anomalous Brain Structure ID’d in Preschoolers With ADHD

Reductions in bilateral frontal, parietal, and temporal lobe gray matter volumes in ADHD
For patients with major depressive disorder

Relapse in Major Depression Linked to Brain Cortical Changes

Significant decline of insular volume and dorsolateral prefrontal from baseline to follow-up
In neurotypical development

Amygdala Neurons Reduced in Adulthood With Autism

This is in contrary to normal neurologic development where mature neurons increase into adulthood
Taking menopausal hormone therapy may have long-term effects on the brain

Hormone Therapy May Impact Brain Structure, Cognition

But 3 years after menopausal HT, change in brain volumes not significantly different from placebo
Young adults with type 1 diabetes have altered neural responses during working memory processing

Altered Neural Responses in Memory Processing in T1DM

Significantly stronger neural responses in superior parietal cortices during memory encoding in T1DM
Alcohol dependence has deleterious effects on frontal cortical volumes that are compounded by hepatitis C virus infection and drug dependence

Hep C Compounds Alcoholism’s Effect on Brain Volume

Deleterious effect of alcohol dependence on frontal cortical volumes also compounded by drug use
Reduced cortical thickness is seen in individuals with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) versus controls

Reduced Cortical Thickness ID’d in Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Female OSA patients had multiple regions of reduced cortical thickness in superior frontal lobe
Gut bacteria may be tied to sepsis-related brain dysfunction

Gut Bacteria May Be Tied to Brain Dysfunction From Sepsis

Presence of bacteria is associated with higher neuroinflammatory markers in mice, humans
Baseline excessive daytime sleepiness is associated with increased β-amyloid accumulation in elderly individuals without dementia

Excessive Daytime Sleepiness Tied to Increased β-Amyloid

Baseline EDS linked to increased regional Aβ accumulation in elderly individuals without dementia
In elderly patients

Conventional Hemodialysis Induces Drop in Cerebral Blood Flow

Global CBF declined significantly by 10 percent from before the start to the end of hemodialysis